What is the Blue Amazon, and Why is it Strategic for Brazil?

The Blue Amazon is a concept referring to the vast maritime area under Brazil’s jurisdiction, covering approximately 5.7 million square kilometers. This submerged territory is fundamental for the country’s security, economy, and sustainable development, containing abundant natural resources, marine biodiversity, and immense logistical and energy potential. The recognition of the Blue Amazon as a strategic asset for Brazil involves its protection, sustainable exploration, and integration into global production chains. In this article, we will discuss the main aspects of this region, its economic and environmental importance, the challenges, and the opportunities it presents for Brazil.

The Concept of the Blue Amazon

The term Blue Amazon was coined as an analogy to the Amazon Rainforest, highlighting the immense wealth and biodiversity present in Brazil’s maritime territory.

The scope of this area extends beyond Brazil’s territorial waters, including the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and the continental shelf, where Brazil holds exclusive rights to explore the resources.

The Blue Amazon covers an area equivalent to more than half of Brazil’s terrestrial territory and hosts a vast variety of marine ecosystems. Its natural resources include oil and gas reserves, in addition to a marine biodiversity that is still largely unexplored.

Beyond its economic value, this area holds significant geopolitical importance, as it represents a strategic asset for national sovereignty and maritime security. Thus, continuous monitoring and public policies ensuring its preservation and sustainable exploration are essential.

“Brazil possesses one of the largest oceanic wealths on the planet. Knowing how to manage this heritage is ensuring a sustainable future for all.”

Arnaldo Calbucci,
COO of Wilson Sons

Economic Importance of the Blue Amazon

Brazil’s maritime economy is directly linked to the exploitation of the Blue Amazon, which plays a crucial role in several sectors such as fishing, tourism, transportation, and the oil and gas industry. Port infrastructure and logistical activities also depend on the security and stability of this region.

The oil and gas industry is one of the pillars of the Blue Amazon, responsible for over 90% of Brazil’s oil production. With the exploration of the pre-salt reserves, Brazil has consolidated its position as one of the world’s leading hydrocarbon producers. Additionally, fishing and aquaculture are vital activities for ensuring food security and boosting the economy of many coastal communities, generating thousands of jobs and providing high-quality protein for millions of Brazilians.

Logistics and foreign trade are highly dependent on maritime infrastructure, with over 95% of Brazilian exports being channeled through ports. Port modernization and the strengthening of the shipbuilding industry are essential for ensuring Brazil’s competitiveness in the global market. Coastal tourism and nautical sports, in turn, represent a growing economic sector, generating billions of reais annually and
promoting regional development.

To expand the economic potential of the Blue Amazon, it is essential to invest in technologies that allow for efficient and environmentally low-impact exploration. Brazil has the opportunity to stand out as a reference in maritime innovation by implementing sustainable practices and fostering strategic partnerships that strengthen its position in international trade.

Security and Defense of the Blue Amazon

The protection of the Blue Amazon is a priority for the Brazilian Navy, which plays a central role in defending the nation’s maritime territory. The region is vulnerable to threats such as illegal fishing, environmental crimes, and territorial disputes, requiring constant monitoring and investment in technology.

The Amazon Blue Management System (SisGAAz) is an advanced platform that allows continuous monitoring of the region, ensuring national sovereignty. Naval patrolling has been intensified in recent years to curb illicit activities such as illegal fishing and drug trafficking. Furthermore, Brazil has sought international cooperation to improve information sharing and strengthen its maritime operations.

To reinforce security, it is necessary to increase military presence and modernize the equipment used in surveillance. Combating illegal fishing involves creating an integrated system between government bodies and the private sector, ensuring the sustainable use of fishing resources. Environmental monitoring is also a crucial factor, and the use of satellites and drones has proven effective in overseeing the region.

Sustainability and Environmental Preservation

The Blue Amazon is home to a unique biodiversity, with marine ecosystems essential for environmental balance. Sustainable exploration of marine resources should be a priority to ensure long-term preservation.

Marine pollution is one of the main environmental challenges in the region, directly affecting ocean fauna and flora. Plastic waste is a significant threat, as are oil spills from oil exploration activities. Climate change also impacts the marine ecosystem, raising ocean temperatures and affecting marine life. Overfishing, if not controlled by efficient regulations, can compromise fish stocks and lead to the extinction of
species.

To minimize these impacts, Brazil has invested in creating marine protected areas to ensure the conservation of sensitive habitats. Environmental monitoring using satellites and artificial intelligence has allowed for more precise and effective enforcement actions. Additionally, fostering the blue economy encourages sustainable practices, ensuring that resource exploration is done responsibly.

The Blue Amazon represents one of Brazil’s largest strategic assets, combining natural wealth, economic potential, and geopolitical relevance. Its sustainable exploration and protection are fundamental for ensuring the country’s development and its presence in the global maritime arena.

Brazil must continue to invest in security, research, and technological innovation to fully capitalize on the opportunities offered by the Blue Amazon, ensuring that this vast maritime territory contributes to national security, the economy, and environmental preservation.